Feline Compound

These stones often have different radiographic layers representing different minerals.

Uroliths with a center composed of a different material than the outer layer(s) are called compound. Compound uroliths commonly occur when metabolic uroliths (e.g. calcium oxalate, urate) contribute to urinary tract infections with bacteria that promote struvite formation, or when suture material or other intraurocystic foreign material promotes mineralization over its surface, or when treatment/diet administered prior to urolith removal alter urine pH or crystal solubility.

• Identify causes for minerals or material at or near the center.

• If present, prevent infection-induced struvite and calcium phosphate carbonate by repeating urine cultures and administering antibiotics when needed. • Next, select therapy to minimize the urolith center (see recommendations for specific mineral types at z.umn.edu/mnurolithRX). • Then, make adjustments in therapy to prevent the body, shell or bands without opposing therapy to prevent the center (e.g. urine specific gravity (<1.030), pH (≥6.5), and medications.)

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Feline Compound