Feline Calcium Oxalate

The contour of these small to medium sized (usually 1 to 4 mm), radiodense stones can be smooth, irregular, spiked, or combinations. Even when small they are very radiodense.

Calcium oxalate (CaOx) is a common and difficult stone to prevent because factors responsible for formation are incompletely understood. It is accepted that crystal growth and possibly initial crystal formation are at least partly a reflection of urine supersaturation. Therefore, controlling risk factors promoting urine CaOx supersaturation (e.g. hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, hyperaciduria, hypocitraturia, and highly concentrated urine) should minimize urolith recurrence.

• Serum calcium. Investigate causes for hypercalcemia, when present.

• Correct hypercalcemia based on cause (e.g. food change, prednisone, parathyroid removal, etc.). • Potassium citrate, if urine pH is consistently <6.5 (starting dose: 75mg/kg q12-24 hr). • Hydrochlorothiazide with highly recurrent stones (1mg/kg q12-24 hr).

• Mildly reduced protein/sodium foods that do not overly acidify urine (e.g. c/d multicare diets, others). If needed, feed canned therapeutic food or add water to achieve a urine specific gravity <1.030.

Urinalysis every 3 to 6 months to adjust pH to 6.5 to 8.0, and urine specific gravity to 1.030 and lower. Medical imaging every 6 to 12 months to detect recurrent stones when small to permit their removal without surgery.

Translation missing: es.reco_standard_disclaimer

Feline Calcium Oxalate